Breast cancer affects 1 in 8 women and 1 in 934 men in Canada. However, for Black communities, there are disparities in these numbers.

There are possible signs to monitor that may be associated with breast cancer. Consult the following resources from Healthline to visualize these signs on darker skin: 7 images of breast cancer.

No. Breast cancer affects everyone, regardless of sex or gender identity. Although it is rare, breast cancer can develop in men since they also have breast tissue.

In addition, trans people are also at risk for breast cancer. For more details, Breast cancer in 2SLGBTQIA+ people.

Black communities show more new cases of breast cancer. In addition, Black women and Black men are at a higher risk of developing a type of breast cancer that is:

• More aggressive (triple negative),
• More advanced (metastatic), which means that the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, 
• Diagnosed at a younger age.

Detecting breast cancer early, i.e., at the beginning, allows for more effective treatments. It also leads to better chances of recovery.  

Black communities are at higher risk due to factors such as genetics, healthcare systems, and research gaps.

First, biology and genetics play an important role in: 

The type of breast cancer at the time of diagnosis. Notably, black women are twice as frequently diagnosed with triple-negative cancer compared to white women.

Age at diagnosis. The diagnosis of breast cancer can occur at younger ages for women as well as men.

Second, studies show that experiences with navigating the healthcare system can affect detection times for breast cancer. This is especially true for Black communities.

Finally, there are only a few studies on breast cancer conducted in Black communities of Quebec or Canada. This lack of research can impact the knowledge of health professionals on this topic. 

As an individual, it is important to: 

1. Talk about family history with: 
   • Family members. Knowing the history of breast cancer can help identify a possible hereditary disease.
   • Healthcare professionals. To learn more about genetic mutations, check out our educational videos.
2. Talk to healthcare professionals for an informed choice about: 
   • The recommended use of hormonal therapies (e.g., hormonal contraceptives, treatments to reduce menopausal effects, and gender-affirming therapies). 
   • The need to undergo genetic testing. 
   • The recommended age for a mammography or other diagnostic tests (e.g., breast ultrasounds). For example, depending on personal risk, they could be prescribed earlier (before the age of 50).
3. Follow the QBCSP screening recommendations and remain vigilant to report unusual and persistent changes around the chest area as soon as possible to your healthcare professional.

As a healthcare professional, it is essential to: 

1. Consider the characteristics of breast cancer types that are specific to Black communities when it comes to screening requirements.
2. Stay informed on research projects, including PERSPECTIVE II, a study on personalized risk stratification for breast cancer prevention and early detection.

Self-advocacy, when seeking medical care can be important. To do so, you could rely on several resources and services.

For Medical Advice and Care:

If you have any doubts or concerns about the signs and symptoms, please consult a healthcare professional. No family doctor in Quebec? Call Info-Santé at 811, option 3, to see a health professional.

For More Information:

We offer free informational conferences and information booths  in the province of Quebec. We also offer educational materials  (pamphlets and posters) that you can view and order.

For Information and Listening:

We offer a free and confidential support helpline: 1 855 561-ROSE (7376). It is operated by peer supporters who could guide you through the healthcare system.

For More Community Resources:

You can find more information on our website. Refer to the page Breast cancer in black communities. You will also find a list of community organizations and resources.